Centre d'Information sur les Institutions Européennes

Centre d'Information sur les Institutions Européennes (CIIE)

  • Accession to the EU: 1995
  • Accession to the Council of Europe: 1956
  • Surface area: 83 858 km2
  • Population: 9.13 million inhabitants (2023)
  • Capital city: Vienna (2.2 million inhabitants)
  • Official languages: German
  • Currency: Euro
  • Political system: Republic
  • Head of state : Alexander Van der Bellen was re-elected on 9 October 2022
  • Head of government: Christian Stocker new Chancellor of Austria since 3 March 2025
  • International code: +43
  • National holiday: October 26
  • The Austrian members of the European Parliament

Austria’s history has been marked by the virtually uninterrupted reign of the Habsburg dynasty. The first of this line, Rudolph I, became the monarch of the German Holy Roman Empire in 1273.

Belvedere Palace, Vienna © ANTO/Trumler

  • 1815 The Congress of Vienna results in the creation of the German Confederation, consolidating Austria’s dominant position.
  • 1867 The defeat of Austria by Prussia in 1866 leads to the formation of the Austro-Hungarian Empire led by Emperor Franz Joseph.
  • 1908 Annexation of Bosnia Herzegovina by the Austro-Hungarian monarchy.
  • 1914 Assassination in June of the Emperor’s nephew, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, in Sarajevo. One month later, Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, leading to the outbreak of the First World War.
  • 1918 At the end of the war, Austria is forced to give up three quarters of its territory.
  • 1919 The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye prevents Austria from becoming unified with the rest of Germany.
  • 1920 The vote on the Constitution sees the birth of the Austrian State.
  • 1933 Chancellor Dollfuss assumes dictatorial powers.
  • 1938 German troops enter Austria. Renamed the “Ostmark”, Austria now becomes a province of the German Reich.
  • 1945 With the end of the Second World War, Austria recovers its 1937 borders, but the country is divided into four zones of occupation.
  • 1955 The State Treaty guarantees Austrian neutrality. Austria becomes a member of the United Nations.
  • 1995 Austria joins the European Union.
  • 2000 The extreme right wing FPÖ party, led by Jörg Haider, joins the government coalition of Wolfgang Schüssel, leading to condemnation throughout the European Union.
  • 2007 Composition of a grand coalition of social democrats (SPÖ) and popular party (ÖVP), under leadership of the social democratic chancellor Alfred Gusenbauer.
  • 2008 Elections for the National Council are held on September 28th because of a rupture in the coalition. The elections are marked by record votes for the right demagogues. Werner Faymann (SPÖ) becomes Head of Government. Social Democrats (SPÖ) and the Austrian People’s Party (ÖVP) have the same number of ministers.
 
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